The Germans call it
"hundesport", dog sport. For generations, people from
Europe and North America have been drawn into this
unique idea of participating in an active sport with a
dog. Schutzhund offers this in a way that no other sport
can. It is outdoors. It is physical. It is mental. The
demands are great, but the sport also offers competition
and new friendships. In short, it is what all
recreational sports should first be: good exercise, fun
and full of rewards.
Schutzhund started at the beginning of this century as a
test for working dogs. Its initial purpose was to determine
which dogs could be used for breeding and which had true
working ability. The growing demand for working dogs made
more sophisticated tests and training necessary. These dogs
were needed for police training, border patrol, customs,
military and herding. As these tests evolved, more people
participated just for the sheer enjoyment of seeing if their
personal dogs could be trained as effectively as these
"professional dogs". Now, over sixty years after the first
formal Schutzhund rules were introduced, tens of thousands
of people participate in the sport each year.

Schutzhund tests three specific areas of a dog's training
and behavior. The first, tracking, requires the dog to track
footsteps over mixed terrain, change direction and show
absolute accuracy and commitment to finding the track. It
must also find dropped articles and indicate their locations
to the handler. Often this is done under less than ideal
circumstances with difficult cover, bad weather conditions
and an aged track. Many find tracking to be the most
satisfying experience in training, when only the handler and
dog are working together. It is certainly the most peaceful
part of Schutzhund.

The second phase is obedience. Those who are familiar with AKC obedience will feel more comfortable in this
area, as many of the exercises are similar to those in
Open and Utility. There is heeling, both on and off
lead. The sit, down and stand are also done, except when
the dog is moving. But Schutzhund applies its own style
to this work. Instead of a forty foot ring, the handler
and dog work on a soccer sized trial field. Some
exercises require the dog to work under the noise of a
firing gun. In addition to the normal dumbbell
retrieval, the dog must retrieve over a one meter jump
and a six foot wall. Down stays and a long send away
conclude the test.
The final test is the most misunderstood by the
general public. This is protection. The most important
point to understand when watching a protection routine,
is the relationship between dog and handler. The dog
must never bite the trial helper, unless either the dog
or the handler is attacked. Then it must attack fully
and without hesitation. But here the real difference
becomes apparent. The dog must stop biting on the
command of the handler and guard the trial helper
without further aggression. Often people confuse
Schutzhund protection training with police dog or
personal protection work. The Schutzhund dog is
capable of the feats of never being aggressive except
under those specific situations it is trained to face,
and even then it must always be under the absolute
control of the handler.

The above tests are difficult enough, but to make it
even more demanding, they all happen in one day during
competitions that are held all over the country. These
trials are held by local clubs or in regional and
national championships. Each dog is judged by a complex
point system that then determines the winner of the
trial.
When a dog successfully completes the first trial, it
is awarded a title of Schutzhund I. It can then progress
to Schutzhund II and, the ultimate, Schutzhund III. Each
level makes ever greater demands on the dog and training
in all three areas. Any Schutzhunder will tell you that
a high scoring Schutzhund III dog is the ultimate
working dog: one in a thousand of all working dogs.
In addition to the Schutzhund I, II and III titles,
other titles in advanced tracking, temperament tests,
police training and agility work are awarded.
Today, Schutzhund is more than the small group that
started in Germany so long ago. Its organizations have
several hundred thousand members, scattered across
Europe, North America and several other continents.